Перевод контекст 'Prison Industries to' c английский на русский от Reverso Context: Did you sell Prison Industries to John Abruzzi? One programme that had produced successful results in reducing recidivism was the Prison Industry Enhancement Certification Program. The Program was a specialized programme of.

Базовый курс 173 Locking up this section of the general population for substantial periods has a destabilising effect on the whole society in the longer term. Find in the text above the English equivalents fo r the following words and expressions: 1. Высокий уровень преступности 2. Лицо, совершившее малозначительное правонарушение 3.

Эффективная мера наказания 4. Удержать от совершения преступления 5. Посадить, “упрятать” в тюрьму 6. Освободить из тюрьмы TASK 11. Complete the text using the words from the box: restraint; release date; recidivism; rehabilitate; preventive Criticism of the present prison system of punishment has focused mainly on its rehabilitative and functions. Critics point out th at — the commission of another crime after the offender has served a sentence for the first time — is high. Thus the system seems ineffective as a cure for, or a upon, those factors in offenders which may lead to criminal acts.

Furthermore, because there is no way to predict the future behaviour of individuals, the length of sentence and the may have no relationship to the prison time necessary to effect a cure in, oran offender. Many criminologists insist that there is no adequate body to demonstrate that any punishment, capital punishment included, has a restraining effect on potential criminal behaviour. CREATIVE WRITING Write down a list ofm easures necessary to improve the present prison. Базовый курс 175 receiving penalties that they can easily discharge, while less affluent offenders are placed under burdens that they cannot sustain. Restitution Related to the fine is an order to pay restitution (in some countries termed “compensation”). The principle of restitution is popular in some countries as an alternative to punitive sentencing, but there are some drawbacks.

One is the possibility, as in the case of the fine, that the more affluent offender may receive favourable treatment from the court because he is able to pay restitution. The second drawback is that such schemes do not help all victims of crime. Only those who are the victims of crimes for which the offender is caught and convicted and has the funds to pay restitution are likely to be recompensed.

Victims of crimes of violence in some countries — such as England and Canada — are entitled to restitution from public funds, whether or not the offender is detected or has the resources necessary to compensate. Probation There are many ways of dealing with offenders that do not involve the payment of money. One is probation, a system that takes many different forms in different jurisdictions.

However, that essentially involves the suspension of sentence on the offender subject to the condition that he is supervised while living in the community by a probation officer and possibly agrees to comply with such other requirements as the court may think appropriate. Usually, if the offender complies with the probation order and commits no further offence while it is in force, no other penalty is imposed.

If he breaks the requirement of the order or commits another offence, he can be brought back before the court and punished for the original offence as well as the later one. Suspended Sentence In many American states probation is combined with a suspended sentence, so that the sentence the offender will have to serve if he breaks the order is fixed in advance. In England the sentence is not fixed in advance, and the court has complete discretion if there is a breach of probation terms to sentence the offender for the original crime in light of his later behaviour.

Reparation The concept of reparation has gained in popularity in a number of jurisdictions. Under this method, the offender makes good the damage he. Базовый курс 177 4. Соответствовать требованиям 5. Коррумпированный политик 6.

Быть лишенным родительских прав 7. Отсрочка исполнения приговора или наказания 8. Сдерживающий эффект 9.

Сотрудник службы пробации 10. Судебный приказ о направлении на пробацию 11. Экономические санкции 12. Условное осуждение 13. Наблюдение, надзор 14.

Отсроченный приговор 15. Компенсация, возмещение (3) 16. Общественные работы TASK 3.

Read the text below and comment on the sentence given in bold type. Tracking Humans: The Electronic Bracelet in the Modern World. Базовый курс 179 sentence does little to resocialise a person”, says vice-presidentof the Hague Court. “It more likely leads to rancour and bitterness. A mild sentence, possibly even just a fine, shows an offender that society cares about him.” Because of this benevolent concept fewer and fewer people are serving time in Holland. Whenever possible, the Dutch prefer to fine law — breakers rather than clap them in jail. But even for those imprisoned, every effort is made to provide an environment that will rehabilitate the convicts.

While, as one official put it, “Dutch prisons are not Hilton Hotels,” neither are they ugly fortresses full of cellblocks and harassment. Several prisons in Holland are country villas with only a handful of prisoners. In many institutions prisoners are allowed to wear their own clothes and keep personal possessions; they are given comfortably furnished rooms with such homey items as curtains, and they often are allowed to work outside the prison or leave from time to time to visit their families.

Moreover, Holland has an extraordinary one-to-oneratio between prisoner staff members and inmates. “Our objective”, — says the Deputy Prison Director, — “is not to make life pleasant for prisoners, but to normalize it as much as possible to prepare the prisoners for a return to society.” Dutch officials maintain that their philosophy of short prison sentences and humanitarian treatment is essential if convicts are not to become repeaters. “A heavy sentence,” — they say, — “keeps a person out of possible mischief longer, but it merely postpones and aggravates the problem of recidivism.” Given that kind of success, it is not surprising that Holland’s liberal penal philosophy has won applause. Explain the meaning o f the following words and expressions from the text above:.

soaring crime rates. law-and-orderbacklash. ‘lock-’em-up-and-throw-away-the-key’approach. to shelve the punitive psychology. get-toughattitudes. to resocialise a person. benevolent concept.

homey items. to become repeaters. 180 The Best of Just English TASK 8. Render the following passage into English paying special attention to the words and expressions in bold type: Швеция прославилась своим гуманным отношением к людям, преступившим закон. Особый интерес вызывают качественно но­ вые подходы к решению задач борьбы с преступностью в рамках исправительных учреждений.

В основе альтернативных программ лежит идея, состоящая в том, что преступление порождено обще­ ством, социальной средой, сформировавшей нарушителя. Преступ­ ники становятся таковыми из-зажизненных невзгод, и только особо опасных преступников следует заключать в тюрьму — изолиро­ вать от общества. В связи с этим в Швеции, стране с высоким уров­ нем жизни, совершенно иная тенденция борьбы с преступностью: в большинстве случаев мера наказания за совершенное преступле­ ние — это не заключение под стражу, а взимание штрафов и про­ бация, т.е. Надзор за условно осужденными, либо досрочно освобож­ дёнными. Существуют также специальные медицинские учреждения, которые оказывают психологическую помощь нарушителям зако­ на и построены так называемые ‘промышленные тюрьмы’, где зак­ лючённые работают в цехах и мастерских.

U N I T 5 REHABILITATION BRAINSTORM The w ord REHABILITA TION has thefollow ing meanings in legal Russian: 1) восстановление в правах, реабилитация rehabilitation of offender — реабилитация (восстановление в правах) преступника 2) реабилитация личности преступника (приспособление его к условиям жизни в обществе) correctional rehabilitation — исправительная реабилитация, исправление преступника.